Add database schema with SQLAlchemy async + Alembic migrations
Set up PostgreSQL database layer with async SQLAlchemy 2.0 and asyncpg driver. Implements 6 core tables (games, routes, pokemon, route_encounters, nuzlocke_runs, encounters) with foreign keys, indexes, and an initial Alembic migration. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
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Julian Tabel
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backend/src/app/alembic/README
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backend/src/app/alembic/README
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Generic single-database configuration.
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61
backend/src/app/alembic/env.py
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backend/src/app/alembic/env.py
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import asyncio
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from logging.config import fileConfig
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from sqlalchemy import pool
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from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import async_engine_from_config
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from alembic import context
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from app.core.config import settings
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from app.core.database import Base, _get_async_url
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# Import all models so Base.metadata is populated
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import app.models # noqa: F401
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config = context.config
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if config.config_file_name is not None:
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fileConfig(config.config_file_name)
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config.set_main_option("sqlalchemy.url", _get_async_url(settings.database_url))
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target_metadata = Base.metadata
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def run_migrations_offline() -> None:
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url = config.get_main_option("sqlalchemy.url")
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context.configure(
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url=url,
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target_metadata=target_metadata,
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literal_binds=True,
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dialect_opts={"paramstyle": "named"},
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)
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with context.begin_transaction():
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context.run_migrations()
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def do_run_migrations(connection):
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context.configure(connection=connection, target_metadata=target_metadata)
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with context.begin_transaction():
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context.run_migrations()
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async def run_migrations_online() -> None:
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connectable = async_engine_from_config(
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config.get_section(config.config_ini_section, {}),
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prefix="sqlalchemy.",
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poolclass=pool.NullPool,
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)
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async with connectable.connect() as connection:
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await connection.run_sync(do_run_migrations)
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await connectable.dispose()
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if context.is_offline_mode():
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run_migrations_offline()
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else:
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asyncio.run(run_migrations_online())
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28
backend/src/app/alembic/script.py.mako
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backend/src/app/alembic/script.py.mako
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"""${message}
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Revision ID: ${up_revision}
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Revises: ${down_revision | comma,n}
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Create Date: ${create_date}
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"""
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from typing import Sequence, Union
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from alembic import op
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import sqlalchemy as sa
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${imports if imports else ""}
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# revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
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revision: str = ${repr(up_revision)}
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down_revision: Union[str, Sequence[str], None] = ${repr(down_revision)}
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branch_labels: Union[str, Sequence[str], None] = ${repr(branch_labels)}
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depends_on: Union[str, Sequence[str], None] = ${repr(depends_on)}
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def upgrade() -> None:
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"""Upgrade schema."""
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${upgrades if upgrades else "pass"}
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def downgrade() -> None:
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"""Downgrade schema."""
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${downgrades if downgrades else "pass"}
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155
backend/src/app/alembic/versions/03e5f186a9d5_initial_schema.py
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backend/src/app/alembic/versions/03e5f186a9d5_initial_schema.py
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"""initial schema
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Revision ID: 03e5f186a9d5
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Revises:
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Create Date: 2026-02-05 13:27:47.649534
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"""
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from typing import Sequence, Union
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import sqlalchemy as sa
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from sqlalchemy.dialects import postgresql
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from alembic import op
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# revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
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revision: str = "03e5f186a9d5"
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down_revision: Union[str, Sequence[str], None] = None
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branch_labels: Union[str, Sequence[str], None] = None
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depends_on: Union[str, Sequence[str], None] = None
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def upgrade() -> None:
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op.create_table(
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"games",
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sa.Column("id", sa.Integer(), primary_key=True),
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sa.Column("name", sa.String(100), nullable=False),
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sa.Column("slug", sa.String(100), nullable=False, unique=True),
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sa.Column("generation", sa.SmallInteger(), nullable=False),
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sa.Column("region", sa.String(50), nullable=False),
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sa.Column("box_art_url", sa.String(500), nullable=True),
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sa.Column("release_year", sa.SmallInteger(), nullable=True),
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)
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op.create_table(
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"routes",
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sa.Column("id", sa.Integer(), primary_key=True),
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sa.Column("name", sa.String(100), nullable=False),
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sa.Column(
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"game_id", sa.Integer(), sa.ForeignKey("games.id"), nullable=False
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),
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sa.Column("order", sa.SmallInteger(), nullable=False),
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)
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op.create_index("ix_routes_game_id", "routes", ["game_id"])
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op.create_table(
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"pokemon",
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sa.Column("id", sa.Integer(), primary_key=True),
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sa.Column(
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"national_dex", sa.SmallInteger(), nullable=False, unique=True
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),
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sa.Column("name", sa.String(50), nullable=False),
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sa.Column(
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"types", postgresql.ARRAY(sa.String(20)), nullable=False
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),
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sa.Column("sprite_url", sa.String(500), nullable=True),
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)
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op.create_table(
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"route_encounters",
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sa.Column("id", sa.Integer(), primary_key=True),
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sa.Column(
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"route_id", sa.Integer(), sa.ForeignKey("routes.id"), nullable=False
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),
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sa.Column(
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"pokemon_id",
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sa.Integer(),
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sa.ForeignKey("pokemon.id"),
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nullable=False,
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),
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sa.Column("encounter_method", sa.String(30), nullable=False),
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sa.Column("encounter_rate", sa.SmallInteger(), nullable=False),
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sa.UniqueConstraint(
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"route_id",
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"pokemon_id",
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"encounter_method",
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name="uq_route_pokemon_method",
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),
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)
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op.create_index(
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"ix_route_encounters_route_id", "route_encounters", ["route_id"]
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)
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op.create_index(
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"ix_route_encounters_pokemon_id", "route_encounters", ["pokemon_id"]
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)
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op.create_table(
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"nuzlocke_runs",
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sa.Column("id", sa.Integer(), primary_key=True),
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sa.Column(
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"game_id", sa.Integer(), sa.ForeignKey("games.id"), nullable=False
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),
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sa.Column("name", sa.String(100), nullable=False),
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sa.Column("status", sa.String(20), nullable=False),
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sa.Column(
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"rules", postgresql.JSONB(), nullable=False, server_default="{}"
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),
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sa.Column(
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"started_at",
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sa.DateTime(timezone=True),
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nullable=False,
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server_default=sa.func.now(),
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),
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sa.Column(
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"completed_at", sa.DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=True
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),
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)
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op.create_index(
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"ix_nuzlocke_runs_game_id", "nuzlocke_runs", ["game_id"]
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)
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op.create_index(
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"ix_nuzlocke_runs_status", "nuzlocke_runs", ["status"]
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)
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op.create_table(
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"encounters",
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sa.Column("id", sa.Integer(), primary_key=True),
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sa.Column(
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"run_id",
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sa.Integer(),
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sa.ForeignKey("nuzlocke_runs.id"),
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nullable=False,
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),
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sa.Column(
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"route_id", sa.Integer(), sa.ForeignKey("routes.id"), nullable=False
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),
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sa.Column(
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"pokemon_id",
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sa.Integer(),
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sa.ForeignKey("pokemon.id"),
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nullable=False,
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),
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sa.Column("nickname", sa.String(50), nullable=True),
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sa.Column("status", sa.String(20), nullable=False),
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sa.Column("catch_level", sa.SmallInteger(), nullable=True),
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sa.Column("faint_level", sa.SmallInteger(), nullable=True),
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sa.Column(
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"caught_at",
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sa.DateTime(timezone=True),
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nullable=False,
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server_default=sa.func.now(),
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),
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)
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op.create_index("ix_encounters_run_id", "encounters", ["run_id"])
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op.create_index("ix_encounters_route_id", "encounters", ["route_id"])
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op.create_index("ix_encounters_pokemon_id", "encounters", ["pokemon_id"])
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def downgrade() -> None:
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op.drop_table("encounters")
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op.drop_table("nuzlocke_runs")
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op.drop_table("route_encounters")
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op.drop_table("pokemon")
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op.drop_table("routes")
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op.drop_table("games")
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